6 CHANGES OF STATE

THE SIX CHANGES OF STATE

MELTING: change from a solid to a liquid.

VAPOURIZATION: change from a liquid to a gas. Slow vapourization is called EVAPOURATION.
Fast vapourization is called BOILING.

CONDENSATION: change from a gas to a liquid.

SOLIDIFICATION / FREEZING: change from a liquid to a solid.

SUBLIMATION: change from a solid directly to a gas

DEPOSITION: change from a gas directly to a solid

Change of State	From	To	Heat Added or Removed
Melting	Solid	Liquid	Added
Freezing	Liquid	Solid	Removed
Vapourization	Liquid	Gas	Added
Condensation	Gas	Liquid	Removed
Sublimation	Solid	Gas	Added
Deposition	Gas	Solid	Removed

PROPERTIES OF STATES OF MATTER

STATE OF MATTER SHAPE VOLUME (SPACE TAKEN UP) DOES IT FLOW? COMPRESSIBLE? (squishable)

SOLID set, no change set, no change no very hard to compress

LIQUID takes shape of container set, no change yes hard to compress

GAS takes shape of container not set yes easy to compress

Particle Theory & Changes of State Terms to know:
Melting point: The temperature that a substance melts at.
Boiling point: The temperature that a substance boils at.

What happens when you add heat to ice? Does the temperature rise suddenly?
What happens when you add heat to water that is already 100°C? Does the temperature rise?

A. Solid to Liquid

When you add heat to ice at 0°C, the temperature does not rise:

The heat added is used to free the water particles from their set places in the solid.
The particles set free are now in the liquid state.
The heat has not increased the motion of the water particles, so the temperature will remain the same.

B. Liquid to Gas

As water is heated, the particles gain energy & move faster & faster.
The temperature rises until the liquid reaches the boiling point.
The temperature does not continue to rise after the boiling point.
Instead the heat is used to help the particles move more freely & escape from the surface of the liquid.
Particles that are set free are now in the gas state.

The Heating Curve

Graph showing the relationship between temperature & time when a
substance changes states (solid-liquid-gas)